What is a potential complication of thoracic aortic surgery linked to spinal blood supply?

The potential complication of thoracic aortic surgery linked to spinal blood supply is paraplegia. During thoracic aortic surgery, significant manipulation or clamping of the aorta can lead to reduced blood flow to the arteries that supply the spinal cord, specifically the anterior spinal artery and its branches. This ischemia can result in neurological deficits, most notably paraplegia, which is characterized by loss of motor function and sensation in the lower extremities.

The risk arises because the thoracic aorta provides vital blood supply to both the posterior and anterior spinal arteries. If blood flow is compromised during the surgery, certain areas of the spinal cord may not receive the necessary oxygen and nutrients, leading to spinal cord injury. Paraplegia can manifest as an acute complication post-surgery and is a serious risk that surgeons need to monitor.

Other options, while relevant to thoracic aortic surgery, do not specifically address complications related to spinal blood supply. Myocardial ischemia relates to heart complications, respiratory failure concerns the lungs, and cardiac arrhythmia pertains to heart rhythm disturbances.